</span></section><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">人形機(jī)器人的全身都是黑科技：</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; color: rgb(28, 31, 35); background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">PEEK</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(28, 31, 35); background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">材料讓機(jī)器人有了靈活的關(guān)節(jié)，碳纖維讓機(jī)器人有了輕便的</span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:0pt;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">軀干，</span></span><span style="color: rgb(28, 31, 35); background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">稀土永磁賦予了機(jī)器人的精準(zhǔn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，電子皮膚使機(jī)器人有了觸覺神經(jīng)，傳感器讓機(jī)器人長了眼睛，各類電池給予了機(jī)器人無窮的力量。</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></b></p><p><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">一、</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">PEEK</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">材料</span></span></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">PEEK</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">材料主要用于人形機(jī)器人的關(guān)節(jié)、軀體和四肢骨架，它是一種具有耐高溫、自潤滑、易加工和高機(jī)械強(qiáng)度等優(yōu)異性能的</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">特種工程塑料</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，其化學(xué)成分是</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">聚醚醚酮</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，分子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：</span></span></span></p><section nodeleaf=""><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;width: 288px;height: auto !important;">
</span></section><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．下列關(guān)于</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">PEEK</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">結(jié)構(gòu)和官能團(tuán)的說法正確的是</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">A</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．該高分子材料中含有醚鍵、酮羰基和碳碳雙鍵</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">B</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．分子結(jié)構(gòu)中只含有醚鍵和酮羰基兩種官能團(tuán)</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．該物質(zhì)含有苯環(huán)，屬于苯的同系物</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">D</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">PEEK</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">材料屬于純凈物，有固定的熔點(diǎn)</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><section nodeleaf=""><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;width: 356px;height: auto !important;">
</span></section><p style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">PEEK</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">材料在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的重要應(yīng)用之一是制作人工骨骼，其優(yōu)勢主要基于</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">A</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．導(dǎo)電性優(yōu)異，可耐高溫</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">B</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．可溶于體液，便于降解吸收</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．生物相容性好，且醫(yī)學(xué)影像無偽影</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">D</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．成本低，且經(jīng)久耐用</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: red;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">答案：</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1B </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）略，別漏了</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2nHF</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">sp</span></span><sup><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></sup><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> 可能 </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">∶</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">∶</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;color: red;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3C</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">二、</span></span><b><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">碳纖維復(fù)合材料</span></span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">人形機(jī)器人關(guān)節(jié)和軀體的許多地方也使用</span></span><span style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">碳纖維復(fù)合材料，這是一種由碳纖維（</span></span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">由石墨微晶構(gòu)成</span></span><span style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）與樹脂等基體材料復(fù)合而成的材料，具有高強(qiáng)度、低密度、耐腐蝕等特點(diǎn)。</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．以下關(guān)于碳纖維復(fù)合材料的描述正確的是</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。（雙選）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">A. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">碳纖維是一種有機(jī)高分子材料，具有規(guī)則的空間網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">B. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">碳纖維通過氫鍵與樹脂結(jié)合</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">碳纖維復(fù)合材料的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)使其兼具了碳纖維和基體材料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">D. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">碳纖維復(fù)合材料可以制作球拍、撐桿、賽車等體育用品</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．碳纖維復(fù)合材料中的碳纖維在一定條件下能與一些物質(zhì)發(fā)生反應(yīng)。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）在電解法冶煉金屬時(shí)，石墨往往用作電極，是因?yàn)槭哂?lt;/span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">性，但在電解</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">Al</span></span><sub><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></sub><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span><sub><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></sub></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">冶煉鋁時(shí),作為陽極的石墨要定期更換，則該電極上的電極方程式為</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，石墨參與反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式為</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）基體材料中含鋁合金（主要成分</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">Al</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">及少量</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">Mg</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">等），若將碳纖維復(fù)合材料浸泡在</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">NaOH</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">溶液中，鋁元素將轉(zhuǎn)化為</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（寫微粒的化學(xué)式），該反應(yīng)中的氧化劑是</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．工業(yè)上以丙烯腈（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">CH</span></span><sub><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></sub><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">=CHCN</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）為原料制備碳纖維的一種流程如下：</span></span></span></p><section nodeleaf=""><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;width: 293px;height: auto !important;">
</span></section><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">在預(yù)氧化過程中，聚丙烯腈分子鏈上的部分</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">?</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">H</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">鍵轉(zhuǎn)化</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">?</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">OH</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">等。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）寫出丙烯腈發(fā)生聚合反應(yīng)生成聚丙烯腈的化學(xué)方程式</span></span></span><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）在預(yù)氧化過程中，</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（雙選）。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">A</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．聚丙烯腈發(fā)生了氧化反應(yīng)</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">B</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．聚丙烯腈發(fā)生了加成反應(yīng)</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．有共價(jià)鍵的斷開和形成</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">D</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．有離子鍵斷開和形成</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）碳化過程可理解為</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> “</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">燒掉雜質(zhì)，只剩碳原子搭積木</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">”</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。某研究小組用含雜質(zhì)</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">a%</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（雜質(zhì)不含碳元素）的丙烯腈制備碳纖維，若制備過程中碳元素的損失率為</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">b%</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，最終得到含碳量為</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">x%</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">的碳纖維</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">m g</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，則理論上需丙烯腈的質(zhì)量為</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">g</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（列出計(jì)算式即可）。</span></span></span></p><section nodeleaf=""><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;width: 315px;height: auto !important;">
</span></section><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;font-weight: bold;">三、稀土永磁材料</span></span></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Gothic";"></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">稀土永磁材料在人形機(jī)器人中主要應(yīng)用于驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、傳動(dòng)關(guān)節(jié)及感知控制核心部件，它的特性直接決定機(jī)器人的運(yùn)動(dòng)精度與效能。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf="">……</span></span></b></p><p><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">四、</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></b><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">電子皮膚材料</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">導(dǎo)電高分子材料在人形機(jī)器人中主要用于</span></span><strong><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal;">觸覺感知、運(yùn)動(dòng)監(jiān)測</span><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">及仿生交互</span></span></strong><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">的核心位置，憑借其高靈敏度、可拉伸性和輕量化特性，成為機(jī)器人</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> “</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">觸覺神經(jīng)</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">” </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">的關(guān)鍵載體。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf="">……</span></span></b></p><p><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">五、傳感器材料</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">鈣鈦礦是指通式為</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">ABO</span></span><sub><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></sub></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">的一類化合物，最早發(fā)現(xiàn)鈣鈦礦石中的</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">CaTiO</span></span><sub><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></sub></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，因此而得名。鈣鈦礦型化合物可用作人形機(jī)器人的傳感器的功能材料。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf="">……</span></span></b></p><p><b><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">六、人形機(jī)器人的動(dòng)力來源</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">人形機(jī)器人的動(dòng)力主要來自于鋰電池和固態(tài)電池。</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">……</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(84, 0, 255);font-weight: bold;">《范汝廣說化學(xué)》：</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(84, 0, 255);font-weight: bold;">18101846096</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(84, 0, 255);font-weight: bold;">（微信同號）</span></span></span></p><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p></div><p></p>
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